The 1913 Liberty Head Nickel is one of the rarest and most valuable coins in U.S. history. With only five known specimens, this elusive coin holds an approximate value of $1.4 million or more. But why is it so special? In this article, we’ll explore its fascinating story, unique features, and what makes it a prized possession among collectors.
A Rare Coin with a Mysterious History
The 1913 Liberty Head Nickel was never officially authorized by the U.S. Mint. Despite this, five examples were clandestinely struck, likely as a favor for a mint worker or as part of a private deal.
This coin replaced the Liberty Head design with the Indian Head (Buffalo Nickel) in 1913. Its unofficial status and limited number make it a legendary find in the numismatic world.
Key Features of the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel
To identify this coin, look for the following characteristics:
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Obverse Design | Liberty Head with the word “LIBERTY” in a crown of stars |
| Reverse Design | Roman numeral “V” in the center with “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” around the edge |
| Composition | 75% Copper, 25% Nickel |
| Weight | 5.00 grams |
| Diameter | 21.21 mm |
The Five Known Specimens
Here’s a breakdown of the five known 1913 Liberty Head Nickels and their history:
| Name | Condition | Notable Facts |
|---|---|---|
| The Eliasberg Specimen | Proof 66 | Considered the finest of the five coins. |
| The Olsen Specimen | Proof 64 | Featured on TV shows like Hawaii Five-O. |
| The Norweb Specimen | Proof 63 | Previously part of the Norweb Collection. |
| The McDermott Specimen | Proof 62 | Exhibited at the American Numismatic Association (ANA). |
| The Walton Specimen | Proof 63 | Lost for decades, rediscovered in 2003. |
Why is the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel So Valuable?
The coin’s value is driven by three key factors:
- Rarity: With only five known specimens, its scarcity ensures high demand.
- Historical Mystery: The unauthorized production adds intrigue and appeal.
- Condition: Higher-grade coins command greater prices at auction.
Record-Breaking Auctions
The 1913 Liberty Head Nickel has consistently fetched staggering prices at auctions:
- 2010: The Olsen Specimen sold for $3.7 million.
- 2018: The Eliasberg Specimen was auctioned for $4.56 million.
These sales highlight the enduring allure of this coin.
How to Verify a Genuine 1913 Liberty Head Nickel
Given its fame and value, forgeries are common. To authenticate a coin, consider these steps:
- Professional Grading: Use trusted grading services like PCGS or NGC.
- Historical Documentation: Genuine coins have detailed provenance records.
- Expert Appraisal: Consult numismatic experts for verification.
Fun Facts About the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel
- The Olsen Specimen appeared in the 1970 episode of Hawaii Five-O.
- The Walton Specimen was hidden in a collector’s estate for over 40 years before its rediscovery.
- It was one of the first coins to break the $1 million mark in auctions.
Conclusion
The 1913 Liberty Head Nickel stands as a testament to the allure of rare coins. Its mysterious origin, unmatched rarity, and historical significance make it a prized jewel for collectors. Whether you’re a seasoned numismatist or simply a coin enthusiast, the story of this extraordinary nickel is sure to captivate.
FAQs
Why were only five 1913 Liberty Head Nickels made?
They were unofficially struck at the mint, likely as part of a private arrangement.
How much is the 1913 Liberty Head Nickel worth today?
Its value ranges from $1.4 million to over $4 million, depending on the coin’s condition and provenance.
Can I find this coin in circulation?
No. All five coins are accounted for and are in private collections or museums.
What is the best way to confirm a 1913 Liberty Head Nickel’s authenticity?
Obtain certification from professional grading services like PCGS or NGC.
Are there other Liberty Head Nickels worth collecting?
Yes, earlier Liberty Head Nickels from the late 1800s and early 1900s can also be valuable, especially in higher grades.